1Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
2Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
3St. Mary’s Advanced Life Support Team, Department of Nursing, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
4St. Mary’s Advanced Life Support Team, Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Copyright © 2017 The Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine
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Characteristic | Total (n = 287) |
Survival |
Activation method |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survived (n = 240) | Expired (n = 47) | P-value | Phone call (n = 215) | Screening (n = 72) | P-value | ||
Male sex | 124 (43.2) | 105 (43.8) | 19 (40.4) | 0.795 | 97 (45.1) | 27 (37.5) | 0.321 |
Age (yr) | 70.0 (58.0–78.0) | 71.0 (58.0–78.0) | 64.0 (54.5–74.5) | 0.088 | 69.0 (58.5–78.0) | 71.0 (56.0–77.5) | 0.799 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.0 (20.1–25.8) | 23.0 (20.1–25.8) | 22.9 (20.5–24.9) | 0.784 | 23.0 (20.0–25.8) | 22.9 (20.6–25.7) | 0.495 |
Admission route | 0.129 | 0.398 | |||||
OPD | 160 (56.1) | 129 (54.0) | 31 (67.4) | 116 (54.5) | 44 (61.1) | ||
ER | 125 (43.9) | 110 (46.0) | 15 (32.6) | 97 (45.5) | 28 (38.9) | ||
Malignancy | 100 (34.8) | 67 (28.0) | 33 (70.2) | <0.001a | 76 (35.5) | 24 (33.3) | 0.847 |
Status of postoperation | 199 (69.3) | 172 (71.7) | 26 (55.3) | 0.041a | 145 (67.4) | 53 (73.6) | 0.405 |
Postoperation days at RRT activationb | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 3.0 (2.0–8.0) | 0.012a | 3.0 (1.0–5.5) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 0.223 |
Response time (min) | 8.6 (5.6–11.6) | 9.0 (6.0–11.0) | 10.0 (6.5–14.0) | 0.375 | 9.0 (6.0–12.0) | 10.5 (0.0–21.0) | 0.927 |
MEWS | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | 7.0 (5.0–10.0) | <0.001a | 5.0 (4.0–8.0) | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | 0.656 |
APACHE-II scorec | 14.0 (10.0–18.0) | 13.0 (9.0–18.0) | 16.5 (13.0–23.0) | <0.001a | 14.0 (10.0–18.0) | 13.0 (8.0–18.0) | 0.208 |
RRT activation during weekday except holidays | 229 (79.8) | 195 (81.2) | 34 (72.3) | 0.233 | 175 (81.4) | 54 (75.0) | 0.317 |
Days between admission to RRT activation | 6.0 (3.0–13.0) | 5.0 (3.0–11.0) | 11.0 (5.0–25.5) | <0.001a | 6.0 (3.0–13.0) | 5.0 (2.0–13.5) | 0.622 |
Values are presented as number (%) or median (interquartile range).
RRT: rapid response team; BMI: body mass index; OPD: outpatient department; ER: emergency room; MEWS: modified early warning score; APACHE-II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II.
a P-values are significant at the 0.05 level;
b Postoperation days were calculated with patients after operation;
c Missing data (n = 41) was excluded.
Characteristic | Total (n = 287) |
Survival |
Activation method |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survived (n = 240) | Expired (n = 47) | P-value | Phone call (n = 215) | Screening (n = 72) | P-value | ||
At RRT activation | 0.965 | 0.123 | |||||
GW | 275 (95.8) | 230 (95.8) | 45 (95.7) | 203 (94.4) | 72 (100.0) | ||
ICU | 7 (2.4) | 6 (2.5) | 1 (2.1) | 7 (3.3) | 0 | ||
Other | 5 (1.7) | 4 (1.6) | 1 (2.1) | 5 (2.3) | 0 | ||
After RRT activation | 0.093 | 0.017a | |||||
GW | 193 (67.2) | 167 (69.6) | 26 (55.3) | 135 (62.8) | 58 (80.6) | ||
ICU | 91 (31.7) | 70 (29.2) | 21 (44.7) | 77 (35.8) | 14 (19.4) | ||
Other | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.2) | 0 | 3 (1.4) | 0 | ||
Intubation | 18 (6.3) | 11 (4.6) | 7 (14.9) | 0.019a | 17 (7.9) | 1 (1.4) | 0.090 |
Survival | 240 (83.6) | - | - | - | 179 (83.3) | 61 (84.7) | 0.915 |
Hospital stay days after activation | 12.0 (6.0–25.5) | 12.5 (7.0–26.5) | 7.0 (1.0–22.0) | 0.008a | 13.0 (7.0–31.0) | 11.0 (5.5–16.0) | 0.022a |
Variable |
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysisa |
||
---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value | |
Admission route | 1.76 (0.92–3.51) | 0.096 | 1.06 (0.46–2.49) | 0.889 |
Malignancy | 6.05 (3.11–12.35) | <0.001b | 7.47 (3.00–20.53) | <0.001b |
Status of postoperation | 0.49 (0.26–0.93) | 0.029b | 0.93 (0.39–2.27) | 0.874 |
MEWS | 1.27 (1.13–1.43) | <0.001b | 0.95 (0.77–1.15) | 0.583 |
APACHE-II score | 1.11 (1.05–1.17) | <0.001b | 1.10 (1.03–1.19) | 0.009b |
RRT activation during weekday except holiday | 1.66 (0.79–3.33) | 0.167 | 0.91 (0.31–2.44) | 0.862 |
Days between admission to RRT activation | 1.04 (1.02–1.06) | <0.001b | 1.04 (1.02–1.07) | 0.001b |
Type of ward after activation | 1.65 (0.90–2.98) | 0.102 | 1.96 (0.79–4.79) | 0.143 |
Intubation | 3.64 (1.27–9.82) | 0.012b | 1.35 (0.21–7.03) | 0.731 |
CI: confidence interval; MEWS: modified early warning score; APACHE-II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II; RRT: rapid response team.
a Clinical parameters which showed P-value, 0.2 at univariate logistic regression were included for multivariate logistic regression;level.
b P-values are significant at the 0.05 level.