Acute and Critical Care

Original Articles

Thoracic Surgery
Connective tissue disease is associated with the risk of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome following lung transplantation in Korea: Tae Jung Kim, Hyun Joo Lee, Samina Park, Sang-Bae Ko, Soo-Hyun Park, Seung Hwan Yoon, Kwon Joong Na, In Kyu Park, Chang Hyun Kang, Young Tae Kim, Sun Mi Choi, Jimyung Park, Joong-Yub Kim, Hong Yeul Lee; Received September 5, 2024 Accepted November 14, 2024 Published online January 7, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.003384 [Epub ahead of print]

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Background
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare complication of lung transplantation with poorly understood risk factors and clinical characteristics. This study aimed to examine the occurrence, risk factors, and clinical data of patients who developed PRES following lung transplantation.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 147 patients who underwent lung transplantation between February 2013 and December 2023. The patients were diagnosed with PRES based on the clinical symptoms and radiological findings. We compared the baseline characteristics and clinical information, including primary lung diseases and immunosuppressive therapy related to lung transplantation operations, between the PRES and non-PRES groups.
Results
PRES manifested in 7.5% (n=11) of the patients who underwent lung transplantation, with a median onset of 15 days after operation. Seizures were identified as the predominant clinical manifestation (81.8%, n=9) in the group diagnosed with PRES. All patients diagnosed with PRES recovered fully. Patients with PRES were significantly associated with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (45.5% vs. 18.4%, P=0.019, odds ratio=9.808; 95% CI, 1.064–90.386, P=0.044). Nonetheless, no significant variance was observed in the type of immunotherapy, such as the use of calcineurin inhibitors, blood pressure, or acute renal failure subsequent to lung transplantation.
Conclusions
PRES typically manifests shortly after lung transplantation, with seizures being the predominant initial symptom. The presence of preexisting connective tissue disease as the primary lung disease represents a significant risk factor for PRES following lung transplantation.

Rapid response system
Effectiveness of a daytime rapid response system in hospitalized surgical ward patients: Eunjin Yang, Hannah Lee, Sang-Min Lee, Sulhee Kim, Ho Geol Ryu, Hyun Joo Lee, Jinwoo Lee, Seung-Young Oh; Acute Crit Care. 2020;35(2):77-86. Published online May 13, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2019.00661

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Background
Clinical deteriorations during hospitalization are often preventable with a rapid response system (RRS). We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a daytime RRS for surgical hospitalized patients.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 20 general surgical wards at a 1,779-bed University hospital from August 2013 to July 2017 (August 2013 to July 2015, pre-RRS-period; August 2015 to July 2017, post-RRS-period). The primary outcome was incidence of cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) when the RRS was operating. The secondary outcomes were the incidence of total and preventable cardiopulmonary arrest, in-hospital mortality, the percentage of “do not resuscitate” orders, and the survival of discharged CPA patients.
Results
The relative risk (RR) of CPA per 1,000 admissions during RRS operational hours (weekdays from 7 AM to 7 PM) in the post-RRS-period compared to the pre-RRS-period was 0.53 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25 to 1.13; P=0.099) and the RR of total CPA regardless of RRS operating hours was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.46 to 1.28; P=0.301). The preventable CPA after RRS implementation was significantly lower than that before RRS implementation (RR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.88; P=0.028). There were no statistical differences in in-hospital mortality and the survival rate of patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest. Do-not-resuscitate decisions significantly increased during after RRS implementation periods compared to pre-RRS periods (RR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.40 to 2.59; P<0.001).
Conclusions
The day-time implementation of the RRS did not significantly reduce the rate of CPA whereas the system effectively reduced the rate of preventable CPA during periods when the system was operating.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Algorithm Using Clinical Pages to Predict Imminent Clinical Deterioration
Bryan D. Steitz, Allison B. McCoy, Thomas J. Reese, Siru Liu, Liza Weavind, Kipp Shipley, Elise Russo, Adam Wright
Journal of General Internal Medicine.2024; 39(1): 27. CrossRef
Effects of a Rapid Response Team on Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Qiuxia Zhang, Khuan Lee, Zawiah Mansor, Iskasymar Ismail, Yi Guo, Qiao Xiao, Poh Ying Lim
Heart & Lung.2024; 63: 51. CrossRef
Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Model for Prediction of Adult Physiological Deterioration
Supreeth P. Shashikumar, Joshua Pei Le, Nathan Yung, James Ford, Karandeep Singh, Atul Malhotra, Shamim Nemati, Gabriel Wardi
Critical Care Explorations.2024; 6(9): e1151. CrossRef
Clinical significance of acute care surgery system as a part of hospital medical emergency team for hospitalized patients
Kyoung Won Yoon, Kyoungjin Choi, Keesang Yoo, Eunmi Gil, Chi-Min Park
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2023; 104(1): 43. CrossRef
The associations between rapid response systems and their components with patient outcomes: A scoping review
Rebecca J. Piasecki, Cheryl R. Dennison Himmelfarb, Kelly T. Gleason, Rachel M. Justice, Elizabeth A. Hunt
International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances.2023; 5: 100134. CrossRef
Changes in the incidence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation before and after implementation of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions Act
Hyunjae Im, Hyun Woo Choe, Seung-Young Oh, Ho Geol Ryu, Hannah Lee
Acute and Critical Care.2022; 37(2): 237. CrossRef
Estructura y función de los equipos de respuesta rápida para la atención de adultos en contextos hospitalarios de alta complejidad: Revisión sistemática de alcance
Juliana Vanessa Rincón-López, Diego Larrotta-Castillo, Kelly Estrada-Orozco, Hernando Gaitán-Duarte
Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología.2021; 72(2): 171. CrossRef
Characteristics and Prognosis of Hospitalized Patients at High Risk of Deterioration Identified by the Rapid Response System: a Multicenter Cohort Study
Sang Hyuk Kim, Ji Young Hong, Youlim Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of a Rapid Response Team on the Clinical Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation of Patients Hospitalized in General Wards
Mi-Jung Yoon, Jin-Hee Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2021; 28(4): 491. CrossRef

Rapid response system
Effect of a rapid response system on code rates and in-hospital mortality in medical wards: Hong Yeul Lee, Jinwoo Lee, Sang-Min Lee, Sulhee Kim, Eunjin Yang, Hyun Joo Lee, Hannah Lee, Ho Geol Ryu, Seung-Young Oh, Eun Jin Ha, Sang-Bae Ko, Jaeyoung Cho; Acute Crit Care. 2019;34(4):246-254. Published online November 29, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2019.00668

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Abstract PDF

Background
To determine the effects of implementing a rapid response system (RRS) on code rates and in-hospital mortality in medical wards.
Methods
This retrospective study included adult patients admitted to medical wards at Seoul National University Hospital between July 12, 2016 and March 12, 2018; the sample comprised 4,224 patients admitted 10 months before RRS implementation and 4,168 patients admitted 10 months following RRS implementation. Our RRS only worked during the daytime (7 AM to 7 PM) on weekdays. We compared code rates and in-hospital mortality rates between the preintervention and postintervention groups.
Results
There were 62.3 RRS activations per 1,000 admissions. The most common reasons for RRS activation were tachypnea or hypopnea (44%), hypoxia (31%), and tachycardia or bradycardia (21%). Code rates from medical wards during RRS operating times significantly decreased from 3.55 to 0.96 per 1,000 admissions (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10 to 0.87; P=0.028) after RRS implementation. However, code rates from medical wards during RRS nonoperating times did not differ between the preintervention and postintervention groups (2.60 vs. 3.12 per 1,000 admissions; aOR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.55 to 2.76; P=0.614). In-hospital mortality significantly decreased from 56.3 to 42.7 per 1,000 admissions after RRS implementation (aOR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.97; P=0.024).
Conclusions
Implementation of an RRS was associated with significant reductions in code rates during RRS operating times and in-hospital mortality in medical wards.

Citations

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The role of emergency medical services in the management of in-hospital emergencies: Causes and outcomes of emergency calls – A descriptive retrospective register-based study
Henna Myrskykari, Timo Iirola, Hilla Nordquist
Australasian Emergency Care.2024; 27(1): 42. CrossRef
Effects of a Rapid Response Team on Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Qiuxia Zhang, Khuan Lee, Zawiah Mansor, Iskasymar Ismail, Yi Guo, Qiao Xiao, Poh Ying Lim
Heart & Lung.2024; 63: 51. CrossRef
Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Recognizing and Responding to Clinical Deterioration Outside the ICU: 2023
Kimia Honarmand, Randy S. Wax, Daleen Penoyer, Geoffery Lighthall, Valerie Danesh, Bram Rochwerg, Michael L. Cheatham, Daniel P. Davis, Michael DeVita, James Downar, Dana Edelson, Alison Fox-Robichaud, Shigeki Fujitani, Raeann M. Fuller, Helen Haskell, Ma
Critical Care Medicine.2024; 52(2): 314. CrossRef
Rapid Response Systems
Bradford D. Winters
Critical Care Clinics.2024; 40(3): 583. CrossRef
Improving sepsis recognition and management
Merrilee I Cox, Hillary Voss
Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care.2021; 51(4): 101001. CrossRef
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János Fogas, Rita Koroseczné Pavlin, Krisztina Szabó, Eszter Héra, Imre Repa, Mariann Moizs
Orvosi Hetilap.2021; 162(20): 782. CrossRef
Evidence revealed the effects of rapid response system
Jae Hwa Cho
Acute and Critical Care.2019; 34(4): 282. CrossRef

Case Reports

Thoracic Surgery
Acute Peripheral Arterial Tumorous Embolism after Lung Cancer Surgery: Yoohwa Hwang, Hyun Joo Lee, Young Tae Kim; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2015;30(3):234-237. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2015.30.3.234

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Abstract PDF: Systemic tumor embolisms after pulmonary resections for malignancy are rare, but usually severe and sometimes fatal. Here, we report a case of a 70-year-old woman who underwent pulmonary resection for lung cancer and subsequently developed acute arterial occlusion of the lower extremities caused by a tumorous embolus.

Pulmonary/Thoracic Surgery
Successful Management of Airway Emergency in a Patient with Esophageal Cancer: Samina Park, Hyun Joo Lee, Chang Hyun Kang, Young Tae Kim; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2015;30(2):135-138. Published online May 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2015.30.2.135

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Abstract PDF

A 60-year-old man with advanced esophageal cancer was admitted for surgical placement of a feeding jejunostomy tube before commencement of chemoradiotherapy. His esophageal cancer had directly invaded the posterior tracheal wall, inducing a nearly total obstruction of the distal trachea. On the day before the surgery, respiratory failure developed due to tumor progression and tracheal edema. Tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were attempted without success. Application of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) corrected the patient’s respiratory acidosis and relieved his dyspnea. With full ECMO support, he underwent tracheal stent insertion. Two hours later, he was weaned from ECMO support uneventfully. This was a successful case of tracheal stenting for airway obstruction under rescue veno-venous ECMO.

Citations

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An esophageal tumor producing life-threatening tracheal compression in a young adult was resuscitated with a self-inflating resuscitation bag
Rajnish Kumar, Nishant Sahay, Neeraj Kumar, Soumya Singh
Perioperative Care and Operating Room Management.2024; 34: 100365. CrossRef
Thoracic oesophageal cancer as a cause of stridor: a literature review
Robert Munashe Maweni, Venughanan Manikavasagar, Nicholas Sunderland, Sajid Chaudhry
BMJ Case Reports.2018; : bcr-2018-224872. CrossRef

Surgical Management for Pulmonary Artieriole Rupture During Subclavian Vein Catheterization: A Case Report: Jiae Min, Hyun Koo Kim, Ho Kyung Sung, Hyun Joo Lee, Young Ho Choi; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2012;27(1):59-61.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2012.27.1.59

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Abstract PDF: We experienced an extremely unusual case of a 37-year-old woman who suffered from hemothorax soon after subclavian vein catheterization. Many case reports of a hemothorax or hematoma after central vein catheterization through the great vessels, such as the subclavian vein and internal jugular vein, have been published. However, this rare case showed a pinpoint-sized active bleeding site from a pulmonary arteriole rupture. During an emergency operation using thoracoscopy-assisted minithoracotomy, this bleeding site was successfully managed by primary repair.

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