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2 "Ji Soo Choi"
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Original Articles
Epidemiology
Trends and management of acute respiratory failure in hospitalized patients: a multicenter retrospective study in South Korea
Won Jin Yang, Yong Jun Choi, Kyung Soo Chung, Ji Soo Choi, Bo Mi Jung, Jae Hwa Cho
Acute Crit Care. 2025;40(2):171-185.   Published online May 28, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.004728
  • 9,144 View
  • 233 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Background
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is the leading cause of hospitalization and is associated with in-hospital mortality. This study aimed to elucidate the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of ARF.
Methods
We retrospectively screened patients admitted to three hospitals in South Korea between January 2018 and December 2022. We included individuals aged 18 years, diagnosed with either type 1 ARF (arterial oxygen partial pressure [PaO2] <60 mm Hg) or type 2 ARF (arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) >45 mm Hg) with a pH of <7.35, or diagnosed with the combined-type ARF.
Results
Among the 768,700 hospitalized patients, 33,278 (4.3%) developed ARF. The most common cause of ARF was sepsis (15,757 patients, 47.3%), and the most frequent comorbidity was malignancy (15,403 patients, 43.6%). Among ARF patients, 15,671 (47.1%) required intensive care unit transfer, while 8,980 (27.0%) experienced in-hospital mortality. Over 5 years, the proportion of ARF patients aged 80 years and older has shown a consistent annual increase (coefficient, 0.085 and Ptrend <0.001). Concurrently, the in-hospital mortality rate exhibited an upward trend, increasing from 25.5% in 2018 to 29.3% in 2022 (coefficient, 1.017 and Ptrend<0.001). Among the respiratory support methods used for patients with ARF over the 5-year period, high-flow nasal cannula usage steadily increased (coefficient, 4.137 and Ptrend<0.001), whereas the use of invasive mechanical ventilation declined (coefficient, –0.983 and Ptrend<0.001).
Conclusions
ARF frequency and in-hospital mortality rates are increasing, driven by various etiologies. Despite these trends, research on the epidemiology and individualized treatments for older patients is limited, highlighting the need for nationwide prospective multicenter studies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Assessing respiratory muscle effort during noninvasive respiratory support in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: A State-of-the Art Review from physiology to bedside
    Brigitta Fazzini, Roberto Tonelli, Rik Gosselink, Alberto Lucchini, Alessandro Galazzi, Ema Swingwood, Dani Marti, Emanuele Rezoagli, Frederique Paulus, Marcus J. Schultz, Patricia R.M. Rocco, Denise Battaglini
    Intensive and Critical Care Nursing.2026; 97: 104490.     CrossRef
  • Integrated cardiopulmonary ultrasound in diagnosing acute respiratory failure in critically Ill patients
    Asmaa Saad Abu-Elkheir, Hany Hussein Moussa, Mohamed Ali Hammad, Mohamed Mokhtar Eid, Shymaa Abd Elgawad Saad, Walaa M. Eid
    The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The predictive value of malnutrition on the prognosis of severe respiratory failure in elderly patients: a multicenter retrospective study based on interpretable machine learning
    Xi Wang, Shipeng Ma, Henglu Wang
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
Liver
The role of bilirubin to albumin ratio as a predictor for mortality in critically ill patients without existing liver or biliary tract disease
Ji Soo Choi, Kyung Soo Chung, Eun Hye Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Sang Hoon Lee, Song Yee Kim, Ji Ye Jung, Young Ae Kang, Moo Suk Park, Young Sam Kim, Joon Chang, Ah Young Leem
Acute Crit Care. 2020;35(1):24-30.   Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2019.00738
  • 14,096 View
  • 201 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 13 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Hyperbilirubinemia and hypoalbuminemia are frequently appeared and associated with poor prognosis in critically ill patients. We aim to evaluate the association between the bilirubin to albumin ratio and prognosis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 731 patients who were admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) at a tertiary-care center from July 2015 to September 2017. We analyzed the bilirubin to albumin ratio on admission to the MICU, including clinical characteristics and other examinations. Results: The overall 28-day survival of MICU patients was 69.1%. On univariate analysis, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score (P<0.001), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (P<0.001), Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score (P<0.001), Creactive protein (P=0.015), and bilirubin/albumin ratio (P<0.001) were associated with mortality of ICU patients. The receiver operating characteristic curves for ICU patients mortality between bilirubin to albumin ratio and APACHE II score were not statistically significant (P=0.282). On multivariate analysis, higher APACHE II score (hazard ratio [HR], 1.05; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.06; P<0.001) and bilirubin to albumin ratio (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.20; P=0.001) were independently related to the ICU patient mortality. Conclusions: A higher bilirubin to albumin ratio was related to the unfavorable prognosis and mortality in critically ill patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Fetal and Neonatal Complications Associated With Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
    Shumaila J Ahmed, Sahar Mudassar, Sana Ali, Narmin Faryal, Tatheer Hasan, Samiha Samad
    Cureus.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Secondary Hepatic Dysfunction in Critically Ill Children: Prognostic Associations Beyond PRISM III and PELOD-2 Scores
    Tuğba Gürsoy Koca, Abdulkerim Elmas, Ümüt Altuğ, Gürbüz Akçay, Hanife Bayramoğlu, Mustafa Akçam
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(3): 1133.     CrossRef
  • Development and evaluation of predictive performance of “organ failure assessment by ratio score” to predict sepsis mortality in Indian intensive care unit patients: An observational study
    Vinay Gandhi Mukkelli, Puneet Khanna, Bikash R. Ray, Rahul Kumar Anand, Vimi Rewari, Ganga Prasad
    Indian Journal of Anaesthesia.2026; 70(2): 326.     CrossRef
  • Burden and Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients
    Anakath M Ijas, Gayathry Rajasekharan, Chinthu Sara Jacob , Vijayakumar Anil, Rajasekharan Chandrasekharan
    Cureus.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Serum Bilirubin Levels and Mortality Risk: Evaluation of Prognostic Use in a High-Risk Intensive Care Population
    Abdullah Şen, Mahmut Yaman, Tahir Fırat Zadeoğlu, Ercan Gündüz, Murat Orak, Cahfer Güloğlu, Şilan Göger Ülgüt, Sema Belek, Berçem Tugay Günel, Mehmet Üstündağ
    Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi.2025; 22(1): 147.     CrossRef
  • LivXAI-Net: An explainable AI framework for liver disease diagnosis with IoT-based real-time monitoring support
    Deepak Kumar, Brijesh Bakariya, Chaman Verma, Zoltan Illes
    Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine.2025; 270: 108950.     CrossRef
  • Bilirubin is not an independent predictor of mortality in patients admitted to intensive care with sepsis – A prospective, single-center cohort from South India
    Jophin John, V. Arul Selvan, A. Senthil Vadivu, T. Ravishankar
    International Journal of Critical Illness and Injury Science.2025; 15(4): 150.     CrossRef
  • The bilirubin-to-albumin ratio as a potential prognostic biomarker for all-cause mortality in patients with acute decompensated cirrhosis: A prospective study
    Hien Viet Quang Nguyen, Thang Viet Luong, Trung Nguyen Tran, Hai Nguyen Ngoc Dang, Hans L. Tillmann
    PLOS One.2025; 20(12): e0337206.     CrossRef
  • Toxicological Evaluation of Kaempferol and Linearolactone as Treatments for Amoebic Liver Abscess Development in Mesocricetus auratus
    Luis Varela-Rodríguez, Fernando Calzada, José Velázquez-Domínguez, Verónica Hernández-Ramírez, Hugo Varela-Rodríguez, Elihú Bautista, Mayra Herrera-Martínez, Diana Pichardo-Hernández, Rodrigo Castellanos-Mijangos, Bibiana Chávez-Munguía, Patricia Talamás-
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(19): 10633.     CrossRef
  • Role of serum bilirubin-to-albumin ratio as a prognostic index in critically ill children
    You Min Kang, Ga Eun Kim, Mireu Park, Jong Deok Kim, Min Jung Kim, Yoon Hee Kim, Kyung Won Kim, Myung Hyun Son, Soo Yeon Kim
    Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics.2023; 66(2): 85.     CrossRef
  • Association between total bilirubin/Albumin ratio and all-cause mortality in acute kidney injury patients: A retrospective cohort study
    Ximei Huang, Yunhua Huang, Min Chen, Lin Liao, Faquan Lin, Eranga Sanjeewa Wijewickrama
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(11): e0287485.     CrossRef
  • The value of albumin-related ratios in predicting disease severity and mortality in acute cholangitis
    Bayram YEŞİL, Bünyamin SEVİM
    Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine.2023; 6(6): 1244.     CrossRef
  • Hepatic dysfunction in critically ill patients
    Jeong Hoon Yang
    Acute and Critical Care.2020; 35(1): 44.     CrossRef
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