Acute and Critical Care

Original Articles

Vascular Surgery
Direction of the J-Tip of the Guidewire to Decrease the Malposition Rate of an Internal Jugular Vein Catheter: Byeong jun Ahn, Sung Uk Cho, Won Joon Jeong, Yeon Ho You, Seung Ryu, Jin Woong Lee, In Sool Yoo, Yong chul Cho; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2015;30(4):280-285. Published online November 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2015.30.4.280

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Background
We hypothesized that the direction of the J-tip of the guidewire during insertion into the internal jugular vein (IJV) might determine its ultimate location. Methods: In this study, 300 patients between the ages of 18 and 99 years who required central venous catheterization via IJV in the emergency department enrolled for randomization. IVJ catheterization was successful in 285 of 300 patients. An independent operator randomly prefixed the direction of the J-tip of the guidewire to one of three directions. Based on the direction of the J-tip, patients were allocated into three groups: the J-tip medial-directed group (Group A), the lateral-directed group (Group B), or the downward-directed group (Group C). Postoperative chest radiography was performed on all patients in order to visualize the location of the catheter tip. A catheter is considered malpositioned if it is not located in the superior vena cava or right atrium. Results: Of the total malpositioned catheter tips (8 of 285; 2.8%), the majority (5 of 8; 62.5%) entered the contralateral subclavian vein, 2 (25.0%) were complicated by looping, and 1 (12.5%) entered the ipsilateral subclavian vein. According to the direction of the J-tip of the guidewire, the incidence of malpositioning of the catheter tip was 4 of 92 in Group A (4.3%), 4 of 96 in Group B (4.2%), and there were no malpositions in Group C. There were no significant differences among the three groups (p = 0.114). Conclusions: The direction of the J-tip of the guidewire had no statistically significant effect on incidence of malpositioned tips.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Perioperative Echocardiography to Confirm Correct Central Venous Catheter Placement: A Case Report
Parag Gharde, Sourangshu Sarkar, Kalpana Irpachi, Amol Kumar Bhoje, Bhavdeep Kaur, Sandeep Chauhan
A&A Practice.2020; 14(10): e01291. CrossRef

Cardiology
The Effect of the Valsalva Maneuver on the External Jugular Vein: Ho Sik Moon, Sung Hoon Jung, Sie Hyeon Yoo, Jae Young Ji, Hae Jin Lee; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2015;30(3):158-163. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2015.30.3.158

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Abstract PDF: Background
The external jugular vein (EJV) is a useful intravenous (IV) cannulation site for anesthesiologists, although it has a relatively high failure rate. Unlike other central veins, visualization of the EJV is important during IV cannulation, and the Valsalva maneuver distends the jugular venous system. However, the relationship between the maneuver and EJV visibility remains unknown. This study compared EJV visibility before and after the Valsalva maneuver.
Methods
This was a prospective observational study that included 200 participants. After the induction of anesthesia, EJV visibility grade, depth from the skin to the EJV superficial surface (EJV depth), and EJV cross-sectional area (CSA) before the Valsalva maneuver were measured. The same parameters were measured after the Valsalva maneuver was performed. The EJV visibility grade was defined as grade A: good appearance and good palpation, grade B: poor appearance and good palpation, and grade C: poor appearance and poor palpation.
Results
Patient body mass index and EJV depth affected the EJV visibility grade before the Valsalva maneuver (p < 0.05), although EJV CSA did not. The Valsalva maneuver distended EJV CSA and reduced EJV depth, although these changes were not correlated with EJV visibility grade. With regard to EJV visibility, 34.0% of grade B cases and 20.0% of grade C cases were improved by the Valsalva maneuver.
Conclusions
Although the Valsalva maneuver improved EJV CSA and EJV depth, it did not greatly affect EJV visibility grade.

Thoracic Surgery
Complications of Central Venous Totally Implantable Access Port: Internal Jugular Versus Subclavian Access: Pil Young Jung, Hoon Ryu, Jae Hung Jung, Eunbi Lee, Joong Hwan Oh, Chun Sung Byun, Il Hwan Park; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2015;30(1):13-17. Published online February 28, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2015.30.1.13; Correction in: Acute Crit Care 2015;30(4):365

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Abstract PDF

Background
Totally implantable access port (TIAP) provides reliable, long term vascular access with minimal risk of infection and allows patients normal physical activity. With wide use of ports, new complications have been encountered. We analyzed TIAP related complications and evaluated the outcomes of two different percutaneous routes of access to superior vena cava. Methods: All 172 patients who underwent port insertion with internal jugular approach (Group 1, n = 92) and subclavian approach (Group 2, n = 79) between August 2011 and May 2013 in a single center were analyzed, retrospectively. Medical records were analyzed to compare the outcomes and the occurrence of port related complications between two different percutaneous routes of access to superior vena cava. Results: Median follow-up for TIAP was 278 days (range, 1-1868). Twenty four complications were occurred (14.0%), including pneumothorax (n = 1, 0.6%), migration/malposition (n = 4, 2.3%), pinch-off syndrome (n = 4, 2.3%), malfunction (n = 2, 1.1%), infection (n = 8, 4.7%), and venous thrombosis (n = 5, 2.9%). The overall incidence was 8.7% and 20.3% in each group (p = 0.030). Mechanical complications except infectious and thrombotic complications were more often occurred in group 2 (p = 0.033). The mechanical complication free probability is significantly higher in group 1 (p = 0.040). Conclusions: We suggest that the jugular access should be chosen in patients who need long term catheterization because of high incidence of mechanical complication, such as pinch-off syndrome.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Internal jugular vein versus subclavian vein as the percutaneous insertion site for totally implantable venous access devices: a meta-analysis of comparative studies
Shaoyong Wu, Jingxiu Huang, Zongming Jiang, Zhimei Huang, Handong Ouyang, Li Deng, Wenqian Lin, Jin Guo, Weian Zeng
BMC Cancer.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

Case Report

Right Internal Jugular Venous Thrombosis Occurred after Long-term Placement of Hemodialysis Catheter Inserted Via Right Subclavian Vein: A Case Report: Mi Young Park, Il Woo Shin, Ju Tae Sohn, Heon Keun Lee, Young Kyun Chung; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2003;18(2):80-83.

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Abstract PDF: Central venous catheter-related venous thrombosis is one of the most important complications occurred after central venous catheterization. Forty six year old man had end-stage renal failure due to diabetes mellitus. Temporary hemodialysis catheter was inserted via right subclavian vein. Thirty days after hemodialysis catheter insertion, the patient presented with right neck swelling and difficulty to aspirate blood from hemodialysis catheter. Venography showed right internal jugular vein thrombosis. We report a case in which a patient developed right internal jugular vein thrombosis after long-term placement of temporary hemodialysis catheter.

Original Article

Evaluation of the Technique of Central Venous Catheterization via the External Jugular Vein: Seong Hoon Ko, Dong Chan Kim, Sang Kyi Lee, He Sun Song; Korean J Crit Care Med. 1999;14(2):143-147.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGOUND: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of central venous catheterization via the external jugular vein (EJV). We compared the success rate of left and right EJV catheterization. The influence of the course of left and right external jugular vein on success rate was investigated also.
METHODS
Eighty anesthetized adult surgical patients were studied consecutively. Patients were allocated to left or right EJV catheterization and measured the angles between EJV and clavicle and transverse shoulder line. Catheterization was performed under sterile conditions by Seldinger technique after angiography of EJV and subclavian vein. We analyzed the relationship between the angles and success rate and time for catheterization. We compared the success rate of left and right EJV catheterization.
RESULTS
The overall rate of intrathoracic placement was 74 from 80 catheterization (92.5%). Analysis of success in left and right EJV catheterization did not reveal statistically significant differences. The success rates did not show any correlation with course of EJV. Complications were few and not serious.
CONCLUSIONS
This study indicated that left and right EJVs were good routes for central venous catheterizationan with acceptably high success rate. However, we could not find the predictor of success for central venous catheterization via EJV.

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